2020 WAEC AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE ANSWER

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AGRIC OBJ:

AGRIC-OBJ

Agriculture Science 2 (Essay) 2pm – 4:10pm

Agriculture Science 1 (Objective) 4:10pm – 5pm

SOLUTION:

(1ai)

Poor Transportation

(Choose Any Two)

(i)construction of new feeder roads to open up the rural areas

(ii)construction of water ways to link up the riverine area

(iii)construction of railways to connect rural areas to the urban centres

(iv)Reduction in transportation cost to make such affordable to the rural farmers

(v)Provision of vehicles ,boats and trains to facilitate the distribution of farm product

(1aii)

Environmental degradation

(Choose Any two)

(i)Flooding should be avoided

(ii)soil erosion should be properly checked

(iii)cover cropping should be practised

(iv)Terracing and strip cropping should also be practised

(v)Pollution and deforestation should be avoided

(1aiii)

Use of crude farm input

(choose Any two)

(i)Government should subsidise the cost of farm input

(ii)Farm input should be supplied at the right time to farmers

(iii)Local sourcing of these inputs should be encouraged

(iv)Establishment of tractor- hiring unit at affordable costs to farmers

(1b)

(i) Do not overwork draught animals.

(ii) Keep them in a healthy. environment.

(iii) Feed and provide them with adequate water.

(1c)

(i) To increase durability.

(ii) To increase efficiency.

(iii) Reduce costs of replacement.

(iv) For safety of the user/avoid accidents.

(v) Avoid damage to the tool.

(2d)

(i)Storage in airtight bins helps maintaining insect free grains.

(ii)Before storing grains the go downs (store houses) should be disinfected. Following methods of disinfestations of store rooms are recommended

(iii)Threshing yard should be situated more than a mile away from the granaries so as to reduce the chance of pest reaching to granaries through migration.

(iv)For bag storage of grains “pucca” cement concrete or brick made store houses are recommended.

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(2ai)

Soil texture is a classification instrument used both in the field and laboratory to determine soil classes based on their physical texture.

(2aii)

Soil structure describes the arrangement of the solid parts of the soil and of the pore space located between them.

(2aiii)

soil profile is a vertical section of soil like the diagram above. It allows you to examine the structure of soil. A soil profile is divided into layers called horizons

(2bi)

(i)Grafting is the fastest way of growing popular, desirable varieties of fruiting trees & flowering shrubs on a large scale. (ii)Buy fruiting tree seeds online. Many commercially valuable plants are difficult to grow by other propagation methods like cutting & layering, but they respond well to grafting.

(iii)Scions are highly precious varieties, but the usually have poor rooting system, less vigor & weak defence against pathogens.

(2bii)

(i)Mango

(ii)Guava

(2c)

(i)water

(ii)crop selection

(iii)temperature

(2d)

(i)Storage in airtight bins helps maintaining insect free grains.

(ii)Before storing grains the go downs (store houses) should be disinfected. Following methods of disinfestations of store rooms are recommended

(iii)Threshing yard should be situated more than a mile away from the granaries so as to reduce the chance of pest reaching to granaries through migration.

(iv)For bag storage of grains “pucca” cement concrete or brick made store houses are recommended.

====================================

(3ai)

Method of propagation:

Sexually (by seeds) and vegetative propagation

(3aii)

Spacing in the field:

7.0m × 7.0m

(3aiii)

(i)The seedings are now replanted at 60cm × 60cm spacing

(ii)it is planted around April and May

(3aiv)

(i)Thrips

(ii)Red mites

(3av)

(i)Gummosis

(ii)Citrus scab

(3bi)

Surface irrigation is where water is applied and distributed over the soil surface by gravity.

(3bii)

Surface drainage refers to the removal of surface water by development of the slope of the land utilizing systems of drains to carry away the surplus water.

(3ci)

(i)water use efficiency is high

(ii)it ensure low evaporation losses from the soil

(iii)it is cheap to practice

(3cii)

(i)Easy to construct

(ii)It prevent stagnant water

(iii)it is cheaper than sub surface

=====================================

(5a)

Tabulate.

Disease |causal organism|Farm animal affected| symptoms|control|

Brucellosis | brucella specie| pig | dysentery and diarrhea | isolation of infected animal.

Aspergilloses. |Aspergillus fumigatus | sheep | skin irrigation | proper sanitation.

(5b)

(i)it is used as labour as saving device

(ii)it saves space as the batteries are set up in tires

(iii)there are fever eggs with dirty shells

(iv)the poultry house is less noisy

(v)selection is made easier during culling.

(5c)

(i)Farm or agriculture input are inadequate

(ii)the subject matter specialist are often not properly informed

(iii)there is inadequate transport facilities for extension staff

(iv)Extension agent are not sufficiently motivated

(v)target farmers are largely illiterate.

===================================

(3ai)

Method of propagation:

Sexually (by seeds) and vegetative propagation

(3aii)

Spacing in the field:

7.0m × 7.0m

(3aiii)

(i)The seedings are now replanted at 60cm × 60cm spacing

(ii)it is planted around April and May

(3aiv)

(choose Any Two)

(i)Thrips

(ii)Red mites

(iii)Aphids

(iv)Fruit borers

(v)Caterpillars

(3av)

(choose Any two)

(i)Gummosis

(ii)Citrus scab

(iii)Tristeza

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